What is the scientific study of disease known as?

The scientific study of disease is known as pathology. This field encompasses the examination of the causes, development, and effects of diseases on the body. Pathology plays a critical role in the diagnosis and understanding of various health conditions, as it involves the analysis of tissues, organs, bodily fluids, and the overall biological processes that lead to disease.

Pathology can be subdivided into various branches such as clinical pathology, which involves laboratory analysis of bodily fluids, and anatomical pathology, which focuses on the examination of biopsy samples and tissues for diagnostic purposes. This comprehensive approach allows pathologists to provide essential insights into disease mechanisms, which in turn aids in the development of treatment plans and patient care.

The other choices refer to different but related fields. Morphology is the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. Histology focuses specifically on the microscopic structure of tissues. Cytology is the study of individual cells, their function, and their pathological changes. While these fields contribute valuable information relevant to disease, they do not encompass the broader scientific study of disease itself as pathology does.